CCTV News: Xinjiang has rich lighting resources, large temperature difference between day and night, and has unique cotton planting conditions. Today, Xinjiang is the largest and important cotton-producing area in my country. Over the years, cotton production has accounted for more than 90% of the country. In early April every year, cotton, known as the "clouds on the ground", also starts the sowing work of the new year.

The reporter came to a 1,100-acre high-standard farmland in Duolitibag Township, Bachu County, Kashgar, Xinjiang. What is currently underway is cotton spring sowing work. This year, the local area plans to plant 1.48 million mu of cotton, of which 1.3 million mu of machine-picked cotton is accounted for. Next to the reporter, there are five seeders arranged in a wedge-shaped and advanced in an orderly manner. Looking down at the cotton field from the air, it looks like a fine brushwork. How can it achieve such uniformity? It is because the Beidou navigation unmanned driving equipment is installed, making full use of Beidou navigation and precise positioning, and using precision seeding technology. Each hole and a seed have an error of no more than 1 cm. Nowadays, we are using a one-film six-row seedling machine. After driving, seeds will be planted, and the plastic film and drip irrigation belt will be laid. A machine can sow about 100 acres a day.

Speaking of seeds, they are the "chips" of modern agriculture. Take a look at the cotton seeds in my hand. At first glance, you may think that cotton seeds are purple, but in fact purple is the "coat" of the seeds. This is a protective film to prevent diseases and pests and diseases, and can also prevent them from being eaten by mice. 90% of Bachu County is saline-alkali land. After many improvements, how to plant cotton according to local conditions? This small seed has also undergone "beauty pageant" of more than 20 varieties. According to the principles of high yield, high quality and mechanical procurement, we finally chose a variety that is more suitable for planting here. At present, more than 90% of the main cotton planted varieties in Xinjiang are mainly local self-cultivated varieties, and has become the largest cotton seed production base in my country.

The improved cotton field yield per mu increased from more than 200 kilograms to more than 400 kilograms. What is the password for high yield? One of the passwords is the "dry sowing wet" and efficient water-saving technology used. The cotton planting areas in the north and south of the Tianshan Mountains are different, so we should pay more attention to adapting to local conditions. The low snowfall in southern Xinjiang and the high saline-alkali land level allow the "dry sowing and wet" technology to "show its skills" here. "Dry sowing and wet out" technology means that cotton fields will no longer be irrigated in winter or spring before sowing, and then lay plastic film, drip irrigation belts and cotton seeds after the land is prepared. When the appropriate seedling temperature is reached, a small amount of water will be dripped by under-film drip irrigation to make the soil moisture under the membrane meet the requirements of cotton seeds. The drip time can be arranged according to the weather, and the seedling rate can reach 90%. After adopting this technology, the water usage method has been transformed from extensive and inefficient to intensive and efficient, which not only saves time and effort, but also accurately controls water and fertilizers, creating good conditions for cotton growth. Nowadays, the full process of mechanization has been achieved in the local area, from cotton sowing to field management to harvesting. According to statistics from the local agricultural and rural departments, the local machine-picked cotton planting area this year has reached more than 90%.

On the other hand, in the past five years, the southern Xinjiang region has continued to promote land fragmentation and consolidation. This picture shows the appearance of the land before it is regular, and the land is divided into several "tofu blocks". Over the years, the local government has continued to promote land consolidation, gathering the scattered cotton fields together, and small plots of land from one household have been integrated into large fields. The mechanized production model has been promoted, saving a lot of manpower. For example, the more than 1,100 acres of high-standard farmland where the reporter is located integrates the land of more than 90 households in the village and transfers it to large cotton growers, and the transfer fee is collected every year. In the past two years, Duolai Tibag Township has promoted the "land fragmentation consolidation + land trusteeship" model, allowing local people to taste the sweetness. After fragmentation, the original land of the burrow, field dirt roads and ridges are sorted out, and the utilization rate per mu of land is increased by 12%, which is equivalent to an increase of 50 to 60 mu of land. The land is operated by the "farmer + trusteeship" model. The average income per mu of trusteeship is increased by 690 yuan compared to the transfer, and villagers can still find reemployment. Through land transfer and trusteeship, large-scale land planting, standardized management and intensive management can be realized.

A "heart" is installed next to high-standard farmland, called the header, which is mainly composed of two parts: pump room and sand sink tank, and is responsible for the important task of transporting water to the farmland. This set of equipment is accurately matched based on the irrigation needs of the farmland. It monitors the operating status of the water pump in real time through the app on the mobile phone, and remotely controls the amount of water to ensure that the water source reaches the field stably and sufficiently. The sand sedimentation tank is a "scavenger" in high-standard farmland water conservancy facilities. It mainly utilizes changes in water flow velocity to make the sediment and particulate matter in the water settle, prevent it from entering the irrigation pipeline, avoid blockage of subsequent facilities and equipment, and ensure the long-term and stable operation of the irrigation system.

It takes about 125 days to go from a seed to a cotton. In recent years, after cotton has been picked, it does not have to travel long distances to travel all over the country for reprocessing. The local area has gradually explored and extended the cotton industry chain. The industrial park here has extended the industrial chain from cotton seed selection and breeding, spinning and weaving, printing and dyeing and other links. In the future, I believe that more high-quality cotton products will go out from here.